Browsing Reprints by Subject "Seafloor sediments"
Now showing items 1-20 of 34
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A solution of of the wave sound equation in shallow water for real speed profiles and solid bottom under sediment
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1975/10)The wave equation has been solved by using normal mode theory. The medium is assumed to be horizontally stratified. A closed form solution has been found in the case of GANS - PEDERSEN types of density and sound-speed ... -
A unified model for seabed volume and roughness scattering
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Seabed scattering is considered taking into account perturbations of different type: volume inhomogeneities and roughness of the interfaces. A description is given in terms of plane waves. The first-order perturbation ... -
Acoustic properties of the sea floor: a review
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1975/10) -
Acoustical characteristics of the sea floor: experimental techniques and some examples from the Mediterranean Sea
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1974/11)The acoustical properties of the sea floor are primarily determined by the physical properties of the sediments, layering in the sediments, and the roughness of the bottom and sub-bottom. Over the last decade many cores ... -
An experimental investigation of the contribution of sediment volume scattering to acoustic backscatter measured in the shallow waters of the Florida Strait
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Experiments were conducted in the Florida Strait region of the United States in July 1995 for the purpose of investigating the contribution of sediment volume scattering to measured backscatter levels at frequencies between ... -
An experimental study of sediment discrimination using 1st and 2nd echoes
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Analysis of Roxann seabed classification data, at 24 kHz and 200 kHz, using co-located echosounders is presented. Timeseries backscater data gathered at the same time as the Roxann data has also been anal~sed using variations ... -
Analysis of broad-band echosounder data over a gassy seabed
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Calibrated echosoundings from a well-characterized gassy seabed were examined. Acoustic reflection was significantly higher than expected. It is hypothesized that gas bubbles are responsible. Anomalously high levels of ... -
Areal seabed classification using backscatter angular response at 95kHz
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)A sediment classification scheme is developed based on the angular response (AR) of the seabed backscatter strength. The AR is characterised based on its mean level and slope over predefined angular sectors, and the presence ... -
Attenuation of shear waves in near-surface sediments
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)In situ measurement of compressional and shear speed and compressional attenuation in near-surface marine sediments is a well-developed technology but techniques required to measure shear attenuation have lagged behind. ... -
Bottom bistatic scattering: experimental results and model comparison for a carbonate sediment
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Bistatic scattering measurements were carried out under the Coastal Benthic Boundary Layer (CBBL) program. The results presented here are for a carbonate sand-silt-clay, and the data were collected in Februar) 1995 near ... -
Dynamic attenuation extraction of seafloor sediments from very high resolution acoustic data
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)An approach to acquire geophysical information of seabed sediments as derrved from acoustic attenuation rs described. Using thefrequencies corresponding to the signal power spectrum maximum and a point 3 dB below, signal ... -
Estimation of chirp sonar signal attenuation for classification of marine sediments: improved spectral ratio method
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Remote sediment classification through acoustic methods is of great interest for a few years. The attenuation coefficient of the transmitted wave is an important feature to characterize physical sediment layers properties. ... -
High-resolution characterization of seafloor sediments for modeling acoustic backscatter
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Quantitative information on fine-scale sediment inhomogeneity is extremely scarce and sorely needed for developing realistic volume scattering models. To address this deficiency, we present a novel approach for sediment ... -
Modeling of subcritical penetration into sediments due to interface roughness
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Recent experimental results reveal acoustic penetration into sandy sediments at grazing angles below the critical angle. We have been investigating a mechanism for subcritical penetration based on scattering at a rough ... -
Modeling range-dependent, high-frequency, shallow-water torpedo reverberation data
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)The high-frequency, forward bottom losses predicted by a lossy Rayleigh and a Biot poroelastic sediment model are substantially different. These differences will accumulate and become measurable in multiple bottom bounce ... -
Ocean-bottom reflectivity (a point of view)
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1975/10)The analysis procedures for extracting bottom loss values from pulsed acoustic signals that have interacted with the ocean bottom do not inherently consider sub-bottom refraction and reflection of sound, which are important ... -
Reflection of sound from a layered ocean bottom
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1975/10) -
Refraction of sound in the sea floor
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1975/10)A major mode of propagation of acoustic energy at low frequencies is a shallow refracted path through unconsolidated sediments of the sea floor. Successful modelling of the bottom-refracted mode of propagation requires ... -
Relating in situ shear wave velocity to void ratio and grain size for unconsolidated marine sediments
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)Recent advances in field hardware have meant that it has become possible to measurein situ shear wave velocity in the upper few decimetres of sea floor sediment in a routine manner. It is known that shear wave velocity can ... -
Results from the use of broad-band, sub-bottom seismic data with statistically based sediment classification techniques
(NATO. SACLANTCEN, 1997)The QTC VIEW sediment classification system has been applied to shallow, high resolution seismic data recorded with the IKB-SEISTEC profiler from the navigable channel of the St. Lawrence estuary in Canada. A number of 10 ...